Title
Periodontal and microbiological evaluation in cleft lip/palate patients undergoing orthodontic treatment: An in vitro study
Authors
Sweta Yadav1, Kalpana Yadav2,*, Vibhuti Madhad3, Ajay Kumar4 Arpita Saha5 & Neha Agrawal6
Affiliation
1Department of Periodontology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental and Research Centre, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India; 2Department of Statistics, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India; 3Department of Periodontology, Siddhpur Dental College and Hospital, Gujarat, India; 4Department of Periodontology, Eklavya Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India; 5Department of Conservative Dentistry and endodontics, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India; 6Department of Biochemistry, Index Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India; *Corresponding author
Swetayadav - E-mail: Sweta8yadav@gmail.com
Kalpana Yadav - E-mail: kalpana@svc.ac.in
Vibhuti Madhad- E-mail: vibhutimadhad07@gmail.com
Ajay Kumar - E-mail: Drajay023@gmail.com
Arpita Saha - E-mail: arpitambrs@gmail.com
Neha Agrawal - E-mail:Neha.intel@gmail.com
Article Type
Research Article
Date
Received May 1, 2025; Revised May 31, 2025; Accepted May 31, 2025, Published May 31, 2025
Abstract
Periodontal and microbiological characteristic among cleft lip and/or palate patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment is of interest. Plaque and saliva samples showed high prevalence of Streptococcus mutans (83%), Lactobacillus spp. (67%), and Porphyromonas gingivalis (55%). In vitro analysis showed significantly greater biofilm formation on stainless steel brackets compared to ceramic brackets (p < 0.01), confirmed by SEM imaging. Elevated levels of IL-1β and MMP-8 in gingival crevicular fluid were positively correlated with microbial load (r = 0.72, p < 0.05). Thus, the influence of bracket material on biofilm formation and local inflammatory response is shown.
Keywords
Cleft lip and palate, orthodontic treatment, biofilm formation, stainless steel brackets, ceramic brackets, scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
Citation
Yadav et al. Bioinformation 21(5): 1286-1289 (2025)
Edited by
Neelam Goyal & Shruti Dabi
ISSN
0973-2063
Publisher
License
This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
