Title
Effect of heavy metal exposure on human kidney cells
Authors
Sahil Purushottambhai Patel1, Charu Mishra2, Versha Kumari3, Sanket Patel4, Kirti Nishant Vyas5 & Shruti Dalpatbhai Kalola1,*
Affiliation
1Department of Health, GMERS Medical College & Hospital, Vadnagar, Gujarat, India; 2Department of Physiology, Madhav Prasad Tripathi Medical College, Siddharth Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India; 3Department of Emergency Medicine, Max Hospital, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India; 4Department of Physiology, GMERS Medical College & Hospital, Vadnagar, Gujarat, India; 5Department of Pathology, Dr N D Desai Faculty of Medical Science and Research, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad, Gujarat, India; *Corresponding author
Sahil Purushottambhai Patel - E-mail: sahilpatel150501@gmail.com
Charu Mishra - E-mail: dr.charu423@gmail.com
Versha Kumari - E-mail: vershasingh7.vs@gmail.com
Sanket Patel - E-mail: sanketpatel3028@gmail.com
Kirti Nishant Vyas - E-mail: kirtimdpathology@gmail.com
Shruti Dalpatbhai Kalola - E-mail: shrutikalola0@gmail.com
Article Type
Research Article
Date
Received June 1, 2025; Revised June 30, 2025; Accepted June 30, 2025, Published June 30, 2025
Abstract
Heavy metal cytotoxicity using lab-based cell culture of human kidney (HK-2) cells is of interest. The exposed cells contained lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) at dosages of 5 μM, 10 μM and 20 μM during incubation periods of 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours. Cadmium induced the maximum cell death through its dose-dependent pattern while exposing cells to 20 μM cadmium for 72 hours at 52.4%. Next in line was mercury which reduced cell viability to 60.8% and lead reduced it to 68.9% when cells were exposed to 20 μM for 72 hours. Under cadmium treatment at 20 μM the levels of ROS rose 2.3 times in the target cells. The cells experienced shrinkage of their size and developed membrane blisters through morphological transformations. This study reveals severe kidney damage because cadmium caused the worst impact on renal cell structure.
Keywords
Toxicity, kidney cells
Citation
Patel et al. Bioinformation 21(6): 1539-1542 (2025)
Edited by
Hiroj Bagde MDS, (PhD), PGDCR, PGDHHM, PGDL, PGDM
ISSN
0973-2063
Publisher
License
This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
