Title

Clinical spectrum of tuberculosis among HIV infected patients in India: Correlation with immunological status using CD4 counts

Authors

M.K. Snigdha, Krishnavajhala Padma Theja, Kondeti Ganga Bhavani, Chennakesavulu Dara*, Pranavi Paloju & Shiva Kumar Nimma

Affiliation

Department of General Medicine, ESIC Medical College, Sanathnagar, Hyderabad-500038, India; *Corresponding author

Email

M K Snigdha - E-mail: dr.snigdhamk21@gmail.com; Phone: +91 70953 83888

Krishnavajhala Padma Theja - E-mail: padmatheja.13@gmail.com; Phone: +91 94907 29531
Kondeti Ganga Bhavani - E-mail: gangabhavani7447.gb@gmail.com; Phone: +91 94937 91477
Chennakesavulu Dara - E-mail: augnus2k3@gmail.com; Phone: +91 9441107627
Pranavi Paloju - E-mail: palojupranavi1217@gmail.com; Phone: +91 94912 50724
Shiva Kumar Nimma - E-mail: shivakumarnimma7264@gmail.com; Phone: +91 93904 54123

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received June 1, 2025; Revised June 30, 2025; Accepted June 30, 2025, Published June 30, 2025

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a common and serious opportunistic infection among HIV-infected individuals, with clinical presentation closely tied to immune status. In this prospective study of 100 HIV-positive patients with TB, pulmonary TB predominated in those with CD4 counts >200, while extrapulmonary and disseminated TB were strongly associated with CD4 counts <200. Symptoms such as cough and fever were prevalent and radiographic findings varied with immune suppression levels. CD4 counts served as a critical marker in determining the clinical spectrum and severity of TB. These findings underscore the importance of CD4-based assessment in guiding timely diagnosis and targeted management of TB in HIV patients.

Keywords

Tuberculosis, HIV, CD4 count, pulmonary TB, extrapulmonary TB, immunological status, opportunistic infections.

Citation

Snigdha et al. Bioinformation 21(6): 1602-1605 (2025)

Edited by

A Prashanth

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.