Title
Assessment of oral mucosal temperature as a diagnostic marker for systemic inflammation among dental patients
Authors
P.R. Sanjaya1,*, Peyush Pratap Singh Sikarwar2, Himani Painuly3, Kiran Suradkar4, Jayata Dhawan5 & Renu Dagur6
Affiliation
1Department of Basic Dental & Medical Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Hail, Hail, 55425, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 2Department of Emergency Medicine, Gajra Raja Medical College, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India; 3Department of Dentistry, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Shri MahantIndiresh Hospital, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India; 4Department of Periodontology, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; 5Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, MMCDSR, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India; 6Department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry, Kalka Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India; *Corresponding author
P.R. Sanjaya - E-mail: drsanjaynayak@gmail.com
Piyush Pratap Singh Sikarwar - E-mail: peyush09@gmail.com
Himani Painuly - E-mail: himanipainuly5@gmail.com
Kiran Suradkar - E-mail: kiransuradkar24@gmail.com
Jayata Dhawan - E-mail: jayatadhawan89@gmail.com
Renu Dagur - E-mail: mail2rains80@gmail.com
Article Type
Research Article
Date
Received August 1, 2025; Revised August 31, 2025; Accepted August 31, 2025, Published August 31, 2025
Abstract
Oral mucosal temperature as a non-invasive biomarker for systemic inflammation among 180 dental patients is of interest. Systemic inflammation in patients showed significantly higher mucosal temperatures (36.8 ± 0.7°C) than controls and localized inflammation groups (p < 0.001). Strong correlations were observed with serum CRP (r = 0.78), IL-6 (r = 0.72) and TNF-α (r = 0.69). ROC analysis yielded an AUC of 0.89, with 85.3% sensitivity and 82.7% specificity at a 36.2°C cutoff. Thus, we show oral thermography as a viable, non-invasive screening tool.
Keywords
Oral mucosal temperature, systemic inflammation, non-invasive biomarker, CRP, IL-6, TNf-α, infrared thermography, ROC analysis
Citation
Sanjaya et al. Bioinformation 21(8): 2613-2617 (2025)
Edited by
Vini Mehta
ISSN
0973-2063
Publisher
License
This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
