Title

Assessment of cardiovascular event reduction with SGLT2 inhibitors compared to GLP-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Authors

Vijaya Krishna Prasad Vudathaneni¹, Swetha Bharathi Nadella¹, Kalikrishna Varaprasad Movva², Phanindra Dulipala³ & Ramanarayana Boyapati⁴,*

Affiliation

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus Regional Hospital, 2400 17th St, Columbus, Indiana, United States of America; ²Department of Anaesthesiology, Anaesthetics, Principal House Officer, Mackay Base Hospital, Mackay, Queensland, Australia; ³Department of Community Medicine, Katuri Medical College and Hospital, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India; ⁴Department of Periodontology, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Takkellapadu, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Vijaya Krishna Prasad Vudathaneni - E-mail: vvkinternalmedicine@gmail.com
Swetha Bharathi Nadella - E-mail: drswethanadella@gmail.com
Kalikrishna Varaprasad Movva - E-mail: drkaliprasad99@gmail.com
Phanindra Dulipala - E-mail: drpdulipala@gmail.com
Ramanarayana Boyapati - E-mail: dr.ramanarayana@gmail.com; Phone: +91 9490144365

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received September 1, 2025; Revised September 30, 2025; Accepted September 30, 2025, Published September 30, 2025

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Antidiabetic agents, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) have demonstrated cardiovascular benefits, though direct comparative data are limited. This retrospective cohort study analysed records of 300 T2DM patients treated between January 2021 and December 2023 at a tertiary care centre. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (n=150) received SGLT2i (empagliflozin or dapagliflozin), and Group B (n=150) received GLP-1 RA (liraglutide or semaglutide). Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death, were tracked over 24 months. Group A showed a lower incidence of MACE (11.3%) compared to Group B (15.3%), though the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.182). Kaplan-Meier curves indicated slightly better event-free survival in the SGLT2i group. Haemoglobin A1c reduction was similar between the groups (1.2% vs. 1.3%, p=0.456), while hospitalization for heart failure was significantly lower in the SGLT2i group (6.0% vs. 10.6%, p=0.048). Thus, we show that both SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists offer cardiovascular protection in T2DM, with SGLT2i providing a modest advantage in reducing MACE and a significant benefit in lowering heart failure hospitalizations.

Keywords

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, SGLT2 Inhibitors, GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, Cardiovascular Events, MACE, Heart Failure

Citation

Vudathaneni et al. Bioinformation 21(9): 3000-3003 (2025)

Edited by

Hiroj Bagde

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.