Title

In vitro study on the stability of mini-implants under simulated orthodontic loading conditions

Authors

Kartikaya Verma¹, Divya Babuji Pandiyath²*, Ashok Panika³, Shaina Goyal⁴, Sovesh Das⁵ & Disha Pitroda⁶

Affiliation

¹Department of Orthodontics, Himachal Dental College Sundernagar, Himachal Pradesh, India; ²Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, PSM College of dental science and Research, Thrissur, Kerala; ³Department of Orthodontics Dentofacial Orthopedics, Government College of Dentistry, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India; ⁴Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Bhojia Dental College and Hospital, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India; ⁵Department of Public Health Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Scinece (KIDS), Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology KIIT, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India; ⁶Department of Orthodontics, Karnavati University Uvarsad Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Kartikaya Verma - E-mail: drkartikayaverma@gmail.com
Divya Babuji Pandiyath - E-mail: drdivyavijaykumar@gmail.com
Ashok Panika - E-mail: drashokpanika@gmail.com
Shaina Goyal - E-mail: Shainagoyal35@gmail.com
Sovesh Das - E-mail: sovesh.das@gmail.com
Disha Pitroda - E-mail: dishapitroda1702@gmail.com

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received October 1, 2025; Revised October 31, 2025; Accepted October 31, 2025, Published October 31, 2025

Abstract

Orthodontic mini-implants provide essential skeletal anchorage but their clinical success varies due to differences in mechanical stability under functional loading. Therefore, it is of interest to compare the stability of three commercially available designs—dual-thread, single-thread and tapered—using synthetic bone blocks. Primary stability was assessed by insertion torque and resonance frequency analysis, followed by cyclic loading to evaluate secondary stability, displacement and failure rates. Dual-thread implants demonstrated superior performance with higher stability, lower displacement and fewer failures compared to the other designs. Thus, we show that implant design plays a critical role, with dual-thread configurations offering clear clinical advantages for anchorage-dependent orthodontic treatments.

Keywords

Mini-implants, orthodontic anchorage, cyclic loading, primary stability, secondary stability, in vitro.

Citation

Verma et al. Bioinformation 21(10): 3839-3842 (2025)

Edited by

Hiroj Bagde

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.