Title

Prognostic significance of CD44s expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma: An immuno-histo-chemical analysis

Authors

Hershita Singh¹, Sandeep Sidhu², Arun Bhardwaj³, Arpit Sharma^4,*, Mamta Sharma⁵ & Shivendra Rana⁶

Affiliation

¹Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, National Dental College, DeraBassi, Mohali, Punjab, India; ²Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Maharaja Ganga Singh Dental College and Research Centre, Sriganganagar, Rajasthan, India; ³Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Swami Devi Dyal Hospital & Dental College, Golpura, Barwala, Panchkula, India; ⁴Department of Medical Administration, Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital, Sangrur, Punjab, India, ⁵Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Rajasthan Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India; ⁶Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Rajasthan Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Hershita Singh - E-mail: drhershitas@gmail.com
Sandeep Sidhu - E-mail: dr.sandeepsidhu30@gmail.com
Arun Bhardwaj - E-mail: dr_arun@consultant.com
Arpit Sharma - E-mail: arpitsharma4321@gmail.com
Mamta Sharma - E-mail: drmamta.jpr@gmail.com
Shivendra Rana - E-mail: manyushivendra@gmail.com

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received October 1, 2025; Revised November 15, 2025; Accepted November 15, 2025, Published November 15, 2025

Abstract

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignancy with a poor prognosis, highlighting the need for reliable molecular biomarkers. CD44s, a cell adhesion molecule, has been implicated in tumor progression, but its prognostic role in OSCC is unclear. This retrospective study evaluated CD44s expression in 50 OSCC cases using immunohistochemistry and an immunoreactive scoring system. High CD44s expression significantly correlated with advanced stage, lymph node metastasis and poor histological grade. CD44s overexpression may serve as a prognostic biomarker to identify high-risk OSCC patients requiring aggressive therapy.

Keywords

Oral squamous cell carcinoma, CD44s, immunohistochemistry, prognostic marker, lymph node metastasis, tumor differentiation, clinical stage.

Citation

Singh et al. Bioinformation 21(11): 4060-4064 (2025)

Edited by

Vini Mehta

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.