Title

Threatened abortion and its consequences on maternal and fetal health

Authors

Salma Akter Munmun¹, Rowson Ara¹*, Sabiha Islam¹, Farah Noor¹, Reefaat Rahman¹, Sayada Fatema Khatun² & A.M. Shahinoor³

Affiliation

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bangladesh Medical University (BMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; ²Department of Gynecological Oncology, Bangladesh Medical University (BMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; ³Department of Pediatric Surgery, Bangladesh Medical University (BMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh; *Corresponding author

Email

Salma Akter Munmun - E-mail: salma.a.munmun@gmail.com

Rowson Ara - E-mail: rowsonara1664@gmail.com
Sabiha Islam - E-mail: sabiha.islam60@gmail.com
Farah Noor - E-mail: farahnoor.70@gmail.com
Reefaat Rahman - E-mail: reefatrahman@yahoo.com
Sayada Fatema Khatun - E-mail: fatema121269@gmail.com
A.M. Shahinoor - E-mail: shahinoor_m25@yahoo.com

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received November 15, 2025; Revised December 15, 2025; Accepted December 15, 2025, Published December 15, 2025

Abstract

Threatened abortion, defined as vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy with a viable fetus, is a common obstetric complication. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate the maternal and fetal health outcomes associated with threatened abortion and to compare these outcomes with a control group of healthy pregnancies. Hence, a total of 240 pregnant women were included in this study, with 120 women diagnosed with threatened abortion and 120 healthy controls. Women with threatened abortion showed significantly higher rates of preterm delivery (25% vs. 12.5%, p<0.001), low birth weight (23.33% vs. 10%, p<0.001) and intrauterine growth restriction (12.5% vs. 6.67%) compared to the control group. Additionally, the incidence of antepartum hemorrhage (9.17% vs. 3.33%, p=0.001) and postpartum hemorrhage (10% vs. 4.17%) were significantly higher in the threatened abortion group. Neonatal outcomes also showed higher rates of low Apgar scores (10% vs. 3.33%, p<0.001) and NICU admissions (28.33% vs. 6.67%). Our study highlights the significant risks associated with threatened abortion, including increased rates of preterm birth, low birth weight, fetal growth restriction and maternal complications. These findings emphasize the need for early identification and careful management of pregnancies complicated by threatened abortion.

Keywords

Threatened abortion, maternal complications, fetal outcomes, preterm delivery, low birth weight, stillbirth and cohort study.

Citation

Munmun et al. Bioinformation 21(12): 4499-4503 (2025)

Edited by

Rashmi Daga

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.