Title
Postoperative pain management: Comparison of intravenous paracetamol versus ketorolac
Authors
Amit Kumar Prasad, Rajesh Kumar Jha & Asim Shekhar*
Affiliation
Department of Anaesthesiology, RDJM Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India; *Corresponding author
Amit Kumar Prasad - E-mail: bablooprasad11@gmail.com
Rajesh Kumar Jha - E-mail: rajeshjha93@gmail.com
Asim Shekhar - E-mail: ashekhar05@gmail.com
Article Type
Research Article
Date
Received November 15, 2025; Revised December 15, 2025; Accepted December 15, 2025, Published December 15, 2025
Abstract
Effective control of postoperative pain remains a key challenge in perioperative care, necessitating comparison of commonly used analgesic agents. Therefore, it is of interest to compare the analgesic efficacy of intravenous paracetamol and intravenous ketorolac in 60 patients undergoing elective surgery. Patients received either paracetamol 1 g or ketorolac 30 mg intravenously, and pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale with documentation of rescue analgesic use. Ketorolac produced significantly lower pain scores and reduced need for rescue analgesia compared with paracetamol (p < 0.05). Thus, we show that intravenous ketorolac provides superior postoperative analgesia within a multimodal pain management strategy.
Keywords
Postoperative pain, intravenous paracetamol, intravenous ketorolac, non-opioid analgesics, visual analogue scale, abdominal surgery
Citation
Prasad et al. Bioinformation 21(12): 4673-4677 (2025)
Edited by
A Prashanth
ISSN
0973-2063
Publisher
License
This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
