Title
Assessment of salivary biomarkers in early peri-implantitis detection
Authors
Rashmita Nayak1, Sarah Hesham Ahmed Mohamed Eweis2,*, Rani Kumari Gupta3, Rashmi Rathore4, Pratiksha Tripathi5 & Vinita Dahiya6
Affiliation
1Department of Periodontics & Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha; 2Department of General Dentistry, Nova international medical complex, Jeddah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Prosthodontics, CDER AIIMS New Delhi, India; 4Department of Periodntics, Modern Dental College and Research Center, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India; 5Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dental Studies & Technologies, Kadrabad, Uttar Pradesh, India; 6Department of Periodontist & Oral Implantologist, Physiodent Dental & Wellness Clinic, West Delhi, India; *Corresponding author
Rashmita Nayak - E-mail: rashmitanayak@soauniversity.ac.in
Sarah Hesham Ahmed Mohamed Eweis - E-mail: drsaraheweis@gmail.com
Rani Kumari Gupta - E-mail: rano156@gmail.com
Rashmi Rathore - E-mail: rashmiirathore80@gmail.com
Pratiksha Tripathi - E-mail: drpratikshatripathi28@gmail.com
Vinita Dahiya - E-mail: vinitadahiya12@gmail.com
Article Type
Research Article
Date
Received November 15, 2025; Revised December 15, 2025; Accepted December 15, 2025, Published December 15, 2025
Abstract
Peri-implantitis is often detected only after significant tissue destruction, and conventional diagnostic methods fail to reliably identify early disease activity. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of salivary biomarkers-interleukin-1β (IL-1β), matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-by comparing their concentrations in patients with healthy peri-implant tissues and those with peri-implantitis. Fifty participants were divided into two equal groups, saliva samples were collected and analysed using ELISA and clinical parameters such as probing depth, bleeding on probing and radiographic bone loss were recorded. Statistical analysis (t-tests and correlations, p < 0.05) revealed significantly elevated levels of IL-1β, MMP-8 and TNF-α in peri-implantitis patients, with IL-1β and MMP-8 strongly correlating with probing depth and TNF-α moderately correlating with bone loss. Thus, we show that salivary IL-1β, MMP-8 and TNF-α show strong potential as reliable, non-invasive biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of peri-implantitis.
Keywords
Saliva, biomarkers, peri-implantitis, interleukin-1β, MMP-8, TNF-α, early diagnosis.
Citation
Nayak et al. Bioinformation 21(12): 4682-4686 (2025)
Edited by
Rashmi Daga
ISSN
0973-2063
Publisher
License
This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
