Title

AI versus human-designed exam questions in undergraduate dental education: A randomized controlled study

Authors

Preeti Mankar^1,*, Deepti Vijay Mankar², Saara Khiyani³, Manish Kumar⁴, Varunraj Jadhav⁵ & Saloni P Shah⁶

Affiliation

¹Department of Prosthodontics, Crown and Bridge & Implantology, Nanded Rural Dental College & Research Centre, Nanded, Maharashtra, India; ²Department of Pathology, American University School of Medicine, Aruba; ³Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guru Gobind Singh Dental College, Burhanpur, India; ⁴Department of Prosthodontics, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Bagadpur, Uttar Pradesh, India; ⁵Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Yogita Dental College and Hospital, (Khed), Ratnagiri, India; ⁶Department of Prosthodontics, Esic Dental College and Hospital, Kalaburagi, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Preeti Mankar - E-mail: mankarisin@gmail.com
Deepti Vijay Mankar - E-mail: deeptivmankar@gmail.com
Saara Khiyani - E-mail: drsaarak@gmail.com
Manish Kumar - E-mail: dr.manishk.jhamb@gmail.com
Varunraj Jadhav - E-mail: vrnjadhav4@gmail.com
Saloni P Shah - E-mail: drshahsaloni@gmail.com

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received November 15, 2025; Revised December 15, 2025; Accepted December 15, 2025, Published December 15, 2025

Abstract

The comparison of the effectiveness and fairness between AI-generated and human-designed exam questions in the context of undergraduate dental education is relevant. Therefore, it is of interest to examine the use of AI-generated versus human-designed exam questions in undergraduate dental education. A randomized controlled trial involving 289 students was conducted to compare the effectiveness and fairness of both formats. Results showed no significant difference in overall student performance between the two groups. However, students preferred human-designed questions for their clarity and familiarity. Thus, the role of AI-generated exam questions in undergraduate dental education compared to traditional human-designed questions remains a challenge.

Keywords

AI-generated questions, assessment, dental education, exam questions, human-designed questions

Citation

Mankar et al. Bioinformation 21(12): 4701-4705 (2025)

Edited by

Ritik Kashwani

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.