Title
Impact of thyroid autoantibodies on pregnancy: A prospective cohort study
Authors
Yashika Sheetal1, Mallikarjun Samala2, Rahul Tiwari3,*, Heena Dixit4, Anil Managutti3, Deepak Sharma4 & Akriti Mahajan5
Affiliation
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Saraswati Medical College, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Medical University, Unnao, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; 2Piedmont Rockdale Hospital & Family, First Primary Clinic, Atlanta, GA, USA; 3Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar, Gujarat, India; 4Department of Medical Health Administration, Index Institute, Malwanchal University, Index City, Nemawar Road, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India; 5Department of Oral medicine and radiology, Desh Bhagat Dental College and Hospital, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, India; *Corresponding author
Yashika Sheetal - E-mail: yashika.sheetal@gmail.com
Mallikarjun Samala - E-mail: drmallikarjunsamala@gmail.com
Rahul Tiwari - E-mail: rtcfsurgeon@gmail.com
Heena Dixit - E-mail: drheenatiwari@gmail.com
Anil Managutti - E-mail: ranilman12@gmail.com
Deepak Sharma - E-mail: drdeepaksharma@yahoo.com
Akriti Mahajan - E-mail: evergreenclinic27@gmail.com
Article Type
Research Article
Date
Received November 15, 2025; Revised December 15, 2025; Accepted December 15, 2025, Published December 15, 2025
Abstract
We conducted a prospective cohort study of 1,200 pregnant women recruited in early first trimester to evaluate the impact of thyroid autoantibodies (TPOAb and/or TGAb) on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Overall, 18.2% were antibody-positive. Compared with antibody-negative women, those with thyroid autoimmunity had significantly higher risks of pregnancy-induced hypertension (12.6% vs 7.9%), gestational diabetes (15.3% vs 10.2%) and neonatal intensive care unit admission (11.2% vs 6.5%). Adjusted logistic regression confirmed independent associations after controlling for maternal age, BMI, parity and TSH levels. Neonates born to antibody-positive mothers had lower mean birth weight (2980 ± 420 g vs 3125 ± 395 g, p=0.02) and higher risk of small-for-gestational age (8.7% vs 4.9%). Thus, we show that thyroid autoantibodies, even in euthyroid women, are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and justify closer monitoring during antenatal care.
Keywords
Thyroid autoantibodies, pregnancy complications, pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, neonatal intensive care units
Citation
Sheetal et al. Bioinformation 21(12): 4749-4752 (2025)
Edited by
Rashmi Daga
ISSN
0973-2063
Publisher
License
This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
