Title

Antibacterial activity of novel nanoparticles against persistent endodontic pathogens

Authors

Koustav Dhara¹, Divya Batra²*, Vidya Nagabhushan³, Deepinder Kaur⁴, Rakashree Chakraborty⁵ & Priyatam Maruti Karade⁶

Affiliation

¹Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be university, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India; ²Department of Conservative dentistry and Endodontics, National Dental College and Hospital, Derabassi, Punjab, India; ³Oral Pathologist, Pandits dental care, 15th Cross LIC colony srirampura 2nd stage, Mysore- 570023, Karnataka, India; ⁴Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Luxmi Bai Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Sirhind Road, Patiala 147003, Punjab, India; ⁵Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology; Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Dental Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, 133207, Haryana, India; ⁶Department of conservative dentistry and endodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth, (Deemed To Be University) Dental College and Hospital, Sangli 416 416, Maharashtra, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Koustav Dhara - E-mail: koustavsndhara@gmail.com
Divya Batra - E-mail: divyabatra88@gmail.com
Vidya Nagabhushan - E-mail: drvidya.aradhya@gmail.com
Deepinder Kaur - E-mail: hayer_deepan@yahoo.com
Rakashree Chakraborty - E-mail: drrakashreesen@gmail.com
Priyatam Maruti Karade - E-mail: priyatam.karade@bharatividyapeeth.edu

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received November 15, 2025; Revised December 15, 2025; Accepted December 15, 2025, Published December 15, 2025

Abstract

Persistent endodontic infections remain difficult to eradicate due to the resistance of biofilm-forming pathogens to conventional medicaments. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate Ag-ZnO hybrid nanoparticles synthesized via a sol-gel method for their antimicrobial efficacy against E. faecalis, C. albicans and A. israelii. The nanoparticles showed strong antibacterial activity, including large inhibition zones, low MIC values (12.5–25 μg/mL) and 87.3% biofilm suppression at 100 μg/mL. Cytotoxicity testing confirmed >80% fibroblast viability at therapeutic concentrations. Ag-ZnO NPs demonstrated potent antimicrobial performance with acceptable biocompatibility, supporting their potential as an advanced intracanal medicament.

Keywords

Nanoparticles, endodontic infection, Enterococcus faecalis, silver nanoparticles, zinc oxide, biofilm, antimicrobial activity

Citation

Dhara et al. Bioinformation 21(12): 4807-4811 (2025)

Edited by

Hiroj Bagde

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.