Title

Expression analysis of inflammatory cytokines in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Authors

Sylvester Noeldoss Lazarus¹*, Harsh V. Salankar², Aditya Bhattacharjee³, Amrit Podder⁴, Parth Jani⁵ & Kanchan Sonone⁶

Affiliation

¹Department of Pathology, American University of Barbados, Wildey, Barbados (Caricom); ²Department of Pharmacology, N.K.P. Salve Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre and Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India; ³Department of Medicine and Surgery, Amrita School of Medicine, Faridabad, India; ⁴Department of Physiology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India; ⁵Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College, Bhavnagar, India; ⁶Department of Biochemistry, SMBT IMSRC, Nashik, Maharashtra, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Sylvester Noeldoss Lazarus - E-mail: dr.sylvestermd@gmail.com
Harsh V. Salankar - E-mail: harshsalankar@gmail.com
Aditya Bhattacharjee - E-mail: aadityaa1517@gmail.com
Amrit Podder - E-mail: amritpodder0@gmail.com
Parth Jani - E-mail: parthjani13@gmail.com
Kanchan Sonone - E-mail: kanchansonone@gmail.com

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received November 15, 2025; Revised December 15, 2025; Accepted December 15, 2025, Published December 15, 2025

Abstract

Cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-17, are implicated in disease progression, their exact contribution and potential as biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment monitoring in RA patients require further exploration. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate the expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-17) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Cytokine levels were measured in both blood and synovial fluid, revealing significant elevation in RA patients compared to healthy controls. A strong correlation between cytokine levels and disease activity was observed, emphasising their role in disease progression. Data show that cytokines could serve as biomarkers for RA diagnosis and for monitoring treatment. Further research is needed to explore targeted therapies based on cytokine profiles. This research advances knowledge by identifying inflammatory cytokines as key biomarkers for disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis.

Keywords

Cytokines, disease activity, inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, synovial fluid

Citation

Lazarus et al. Bioinformation 21(12): 5020-5024 (2025)

Edited by

Ritik Kashwani

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.