Title

Evaluation of antioxidant enzyme activity among Indian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Authors

Ritambhara Singh¹*, Hemali Jha², Geetika Gupta³, Amrit Podder⁴, Parth Jani⁵ & Kanchan Sonone⁶

Affiliation

¹Department of Physiology, Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India; ²Department of Internal Medicine, Integral Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India; ³Department of Physiology, Acharya Shri Chander College of Medical Sciences & Hospital, Sidhra, Jammu, India; ⁴Department of Physiology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India; ⁵Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College, Bhavnagar, India; ⁶Department of Biochemistry, SMBT IMSRC, Nashik, Maharashtra, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Ritambhara Singh - E-mail: ritu_singh108@yahoo.com
Hemali Jha - E-mail: dr_hemali@yahoo.co.in
Geetika Gupta - E-mail: drgeetikamahajan@gmail.com
Amrit Podder - E-mail: amritpodder0@gmail.com
Parth Jani - E-mail: parthjani13@gmail.com
Kanchan Sonone - E-mail: kanchansonone@gmail.com

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received November 15, 2025; Revised December 15, 2025; Accepted December 15, 2025, Published December 15, 2025

Abstract

Oxidative stress is a key factor in the pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), and the role of antioxidant enzymes in managing this stress remains an important area of research. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and GPx) in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) to understand the relationship between glycemic control and oxidative stress. We found significantly lower enzyme activity in individuals with poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7%) compared to those with better control (HbA1c < 7%). Negative correlations were observed between antioxidant enzyme levels and clinical variables such as HbA1c and fasting blood glucose. Our findings suggest that antioxidant enzyme activity may play a crucial role in managing oxidative stress in T2DM. Further studies should explore the potential of antioxidant-based therapies. The advancement to knowledge in this study is the identification of reduced antioxidant enzyme activity in patients with poor glycemic control, highlighting its potential role in managing oxidative stress in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Keywords

Antioxidant enzymes, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, oxidative stress, type 2 diabetes

Citation

Singh et al. Bioinformation 21(12): 5029-5033 (2025)

Edited by

Ritik Kashwani

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.