Title

Propofol-dexmedetomidine versus propofol-ketamine for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography sedation

Authors

Nancy Ekka¹, Aditya Singh Chauhan¹, Brajesh Kumar² & Sourabh Shrivastava^1,*

Affiliation

¹Department of Anaesthesiology, Gajra Raja Medical College, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India; ²Consultant Anaesthesiologist, Bansal Hospital, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Nancy Ekka - E-mail: drnancyekka21@gmail.com

Aditya Singh Chauhan - E-mail: adityaschauhan88@gmail.com
Brajesh Kumar - E-mail: brajeshparihar1@gmail.com
Sourabh Shrivastava - E-mail: sourabhjitu@gmail.com

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received February 1, 2026; Revised February 28, 2026; Accepted February 28, 2026, Published February 28, 2026

Abstract

Deep sedation during elective endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) ensures immobility, success and stability in prone positions, yet propofol monotherapy risks hypotension, bradycardia and respiratory depression. Therefore, it is of interest to compare propofol–dexmedetomidine (PD) versus propofol–ketamine (PK) in 120 ASA I–III adults undergoing ERCP. PD provided superior hemodynamic stability (MAP fluctuation 7.9±3.1% vs. 13.8±4.7%, p=0.001), reduced propofol needs (178±46 mg vs. 241±59 mg, p=0.001) and faster recovery (11.8±3.4 vs. 17.2±5.1 min, p=0.001). Endoscopists rated PD sedation quality higher, with fewer interruptions and better patient tolerance during the procedure. PD advances ERCP sedation by offering safer, more efficient alternatives to common regimens, minimizing complications while optimizing outcomes in high-risk prone procedures.

Keywords

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), procedural sedation, propofol, dexmedetomidine, ketamine, hemodynamic stability, recovery time, psychomimetic effects

Citation

Ekka et al. Bioinformation 22(2): 665-668 (2026)

Edited by

Vini Mehta

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.