Title

AI-assisted digital tooth arrangement system for esthetic optimization in virtual dentures

Authors

Karthikeyan Vasudevan¹, Vijay Parmar^2,*, Gouri R Reddy³, Ankit Dhimole⁴, Ekta Chheda⁵ & Deepali Neeraj⁶

Affiliation

¹Department of Prosthodontics, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, India; ²Department of Dentistry, AIIMS Rajkot, Gujarat ,India; ³Department of Dentistry, Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee Medical College and Research Institute, Bengaluru, India; ⁴Department of Oral Medicine & radiology, Hitkarini Dental College & Hospital, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India; ⁵Department of Prosthodontics, Crown and Bridge, Government Dental College and Hospital, Ahmedabad, India; ⁶Department of Prosthodontics and crown and bridge, Sharda University , School Of Dental Sciences, Uttar Pradesh, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Karthikeyan Vasudevan - E-mail: drkarthikvasudev@gmail.com
Vijay Parmar - E-mail: vijayparmar8597@gmail.com
Gouri R Reddy - E-mail: dr.gourireddy@gmail.com
Ankit Dhimole - E-mail: drannkit@gmail.com
Ekta Chheda - E-mail: dr.ektachheda@gmail.com
Deepali Neeraj - E-mail: deepali.neeraj@sharda.ac.in

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received February 1, 2026; Revised February 28, 2026; Accepted February 28, 2026, Published February 28, 2026

Abstract

Artificial tooth arrangement in complete dentures is a subjective and time-consuming process largely dependent on operator experience. An artificial intelligence–aided digital tooth arrangement system using a convolutional neural network trained on 2,500 clinically validated denture cases was developed and evaluated. Forty edentulous patient datasets were arranged using both AI-assisted and conventional digital workflows and assessed by prosthodontists and lay evaluators. The AI system significantly reduced arrangement time and achieved equal or superior esthetic scores in parameters such as midline accuracy and proportional harmony, while lay attractiveness ratings were comparable. Thus, we show that AI-assisted tooth arrangement offers an efficient, reliable and esthetically predictable approach for standardizing digital complete denture design.

Keywords

Artificial intelligence, full denture, digital dentistry, tooth arrangement, dental esthetics.

Citation

Vasudevan et al. Bioinformation 22(2): 846-852 (2026)

Edited by

Hiroj Bagde

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.