Title

In-vitro comparative study of provisional crown and bridge materials fabricated via 3D printing, milling and traditional techniques

Authors

Preeti Mankar^1,*, Manoj Sakhare¹, M. Rajasekar², Shalvika Khavnekar¹, Swati Pandey¹ & Sukhjit Kaur³

Affiliation

¹Department of Prosthodontics, Crown and Bridge Implantology, Nanded Rural Dental College, Research Centre, Nanded, Maharashtra, India; ²Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, ESIC Dental College and Hospital, Kalaburagi, India; ³Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Punjab Government Dental College and Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Preeti Mankar - E-mail: mankarisin@gmail.com; Phone: +91 7597633071
Manoj Sakhare - E-mail: sakharemannu@gmail.com; Phone: +91 7875753300
M. Rajasekar - E-mail: rajaomfs17@gmail.com; Phone: +91 8300309184
Shalvika Khavnekar - E-mail: drshalvikakhavnekar@gmail.com; Phone: +91 9833130181
Swati Pandey - E-mail: drswati7128@gmail.com; Phone: +91 7620131871
Sukhjit Kaur - E-mail: dr.sukhjeetkaur@gmail.com; Phone: +91 7508601789

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received February 1, 2026; Revised February 28, 2026; Accepted February 28, 2026, Published February 28, 2026

Abstract

Despite widespread clinical use of provisional crown and bridge restorations, there is a significant gap in comparative evidence regarding the influence of different fabrication techniques (3D printing, CAD/CAM milling and conventional methods) on their mechanical and marginal performance. This in vitro study systematically compares key properties of provisional restorations fabricated using these three techniques to generate objective, standardized data for clinical evaluation. The findings provide evidence-based insight into the relative advantages of digital fabrication methods, particularly CAD/CAM milling, in terms of predictability and durability. This study advances the knowledge by offering clinicians clearer guidance on selecting the most reliable approach for provisional restorations.

Keywords

CAD/CAM milling, marginal adaptation, provisional restorations, three-dimensional printing, traditional fabrication

Citation

Mankar et al. Bioinformation 22(2): 985-988 (2026)

Edited by

Ritik Kashwani

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.