Title

Antibiotic exposure in early childhood and its impact on gut microbial balance and immune dysregulation

Authors

Sonali Rode^1,*, R. Someshwaran² & V. Harsh Salankar³

Affiliation

¹Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College, Seoni, Madhya Pradesh, India; ²Department of Microbiology, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India; ³Department of Pharmacology, N.K.P. Salve Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre and Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Sonali Rode - E-mail: drsonalisalankar@gmail.com
R. Someshwaran - E-mail: drsomeshwaran@gmail.com
V. Harsh Salankar - E-mail: harshsalankar@gmail.com

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received February 1, 2026; Revised February 28, 2026; Accepted February 28, 2026, Published February 28, 2026

Abstract

Antibiotic exposure in early childhood has been linked to lasting changes in gut microbial balance and immune system dysregulation, contributing to an increased risk of immune-related diseases. Therefore, it is of interest to investigate the long-term effects of early-life antibiotic use on gut microbiota composition, immune markers and the prevalence of conditions such as asthma and food allergies. Fecal and blood samples were analyzed to assess microbial diversity and immune function in antibiotic-exposed and non-exposed children. Results showed significant differences in microbial diversity, inflammatory cytokine levels and immune markers between the groups. These findings advance knowledge by highlighting the critical role of early antibiotic exposure in shaping immune health and chronic disease susceptibility later in life.

Keywords

Allergies, antibiotics, gut microbiota, immune dysregulation, microbial diversity

Citation

Rode et al. Bioinformation 22(2): 1144-1148 (2026)

Edited by

Ritik Kashwani

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.