Title

Periodontal impact in acute myocardial infarction: A comparative study using Russell's periodontal index

Authors

Nidhi Dhakray^1,*, Dushyant Pippal², Bhavna Jha Kukreja³, Surbhi Priyadarshi⁴, Shubhangi Tiwari⁵, Arun Kumar Chourasia⁵ & Santosh Kumar⁶

Affiliation

¹Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Maharana Pratap College of dentistry and research centre, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India; ²Department of Periodontology, Mansarovar Dental College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India; ³Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, Ajman UAE; ⁴Department of Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India; ⁵Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India; ⁶Department of Periodontology & Implantology, Karnavati University, Uvarsad, Gandhinagar, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Nidhi Dhakray - E-mail: docnidhidhakray@gmail.com; Phone: +9191650527
Dushyant Pippal - E-mail: dushyantpippal@gmail.com; Phone: +9189890047
Bhavna Jha kukreja - E-mail: drbhavnajha@gmail.com; Phone: +91 9931413256
Surbhi Priyadarshi - E-mail: surbhipriyadarshi02@gmail.com; Phone: +919927554061
Shubhangi Tiwari - E-mail: subhangi.tiwari1408@gmail.com; Phone: +91 88274 55353
Arun Kumar Chourasia - E-mail: chourasiaarun84@gmail.com; Phone: +91 94255 58280
Santosh Kumar - E-mail: drsantoshkumar2004@gmail.com; Phone: +91 96018 00379

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received March 1, 2026; Revised March 31, 2026; Accepted March 31, 2026, Published March 31, 2026

Abstract

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) represents a leading global cause of mortality, with emerging evidence linking periodontal disease to cardiovascular risk through systemic inflammatory pathways. Hence, this comparative cross-sectional study evaluated periodontal status using the Russell Periodontal Index (RPI) in 90 AMI patients versus 90 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. AMI patients exhibited significantly higher mean RPI scores (4.82 ± 1.94) compared to controls (1.76 ± 1.23; p < 0.001), with 71.1% showing moderate-to-severe periodontal disease. Multivariate regression analysis confirmed severe periodontal disease as an independent AMI predictor (OR = 2.89; 95% CI: 1.67–4.98) after adjusting for conventional cardiovascular risk factors. These findings advance cardio-periodontology by establishing oral health assessment as a critical component of comprehensive cardiovascular risk stratification and preventive care.

Keywords

Periodontal disease, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), Russell's periodontal index (RPI), cardiovascular risk, systemic inflammation

Citation

Dhakray et al. Bioinformation 22(3): 1332-1338 (2026)

Edited by

Vini Mehta

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.