Title
Urinary NGAL and NGAL/creatinine as tubular biomarkers in type 2 diabetes
Authors
Prabhat Kumar Singh1, Anand Vishal1, Kirandeep Kamal2, Saurav Das3, Arbind Kumar Choudhary4, Manish Kumar Thakur5,* & Kiran Kumar Pasam6
Affiliation
1Department of Medicine, ABVIMS and Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India; 2Department of Endocrinology, INHS Asvini, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; 3Consultant Endocrinologist, Marwari Hospitals and Research Centre, Guwahati, Assam, India; 4Department of Pharmacology, Government Erode Medical College, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India; 5Department of Endocrinology, Atal Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMSS), Chamiana, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India; 6Consultant Endocrinologist, AIG Hospitals, Mindspace Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; *Corresponding author
Prabhat Kumar - E-mail: prabhat96727@gmail.com; Phone: +91
9672785845
Anand Vishal - E-mail: dranandvishal21@gmail.com,
anand.vishal@rmlh.nic.in;
Phone: +91 9319803331
Kirandeep Kamal - E-mail: kirandeepkamal49@gmail.com; Phone: +91
8550988000
Saurav Das - E-mail: srvdas26@gmail.com; Phone: +91 9859566940
Arbind Kumar Choudhary - E-mail: arbindkch@gmail.com; Phone: +91
7871797278
Manish Kumar Thakur - E-mail: mtmanishthakur42@gmail.com; Phone: +91
9459834092
Kiran Kumar Pasam - E-mail: drkiran567@gmail.com; Phone: +91
7013581614
Article Type
Research Article
Date
Received March 1, 2026; Revised March 31, 2026; Accepted March 31, 2026, Published March 31, 2026
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) screening based on albuminuria and creatinine-derived eGFR may miss early tubular injury and normoalbuminuric renal impairment. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and NGAL/creatinine ratio (NGAL/Cr) as complementary biomarkers in 70 patients with type 2 diabetes and 70 controls. NGAL and NGAL/Cr were higher in diabetes, correlated positively with albuminuria and inversely with eGFR and showed strong ROC discrimination for albuminuria. Urinary NGAL and NGAL/Cr may complement albuminuria and eGFR for early detection and risk stratification of DKD
Keywords
Diabetic kidney disease; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL); NGAL/Creatinine ratio; Albuminuria; eGFR; Biomarker; Tubular injury; Diagnostic performance
Citation
Kumar et al. Bioinformation 22(3): 1723-1731 (2026)
Edited by
P Kangueane
ISSN
0973-2063
Publisher
License
This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
