Title
Patient awareness and renal outcomes in contrast-induced nephropathy: A questionnaire-based analysis
Authors
Ramya Sampathkumar1, Zainab Haider Khan2 & Mahavir Mundra3,*
Affiliation
1Department of Internal Medicine, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Lancashire, United Kingdom; 2Department of Medicine, Avalon University School of Medicine, Willemstad Curaçao; 3Department of Biochemistry, NKPSIMS and Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Nagpur, India; *Corresponding author
Ramya Sampathkumar - E-mail: Ramyaasampathkumar@gmail.com; Phone: 07909806784
Zainab Haider Khan - E-mail: Zainabkhan3715@gmail.com; Phone: 8868866604
Mahavir Mundra - E-mail: drmahavir123@gmail.com
Article Type
Research Article
Date
Received April 1, 2026; Revised April 30, 2026; Accepted April 30, 2026, Published April 30, 2026
Abstract
Patient awareness of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) remains poorly characterized despite its clinical relevance and established preventive strategies. This cross-sectional study surveyed 300 adults undergoing contrast-enhanced imaging and retrospectively evaluated renal outcomes to examine whether awareness and perceptions of CIN were associated with post-contrast renal-function decline. Among 270 respondents (90% response rate), the mean awareness score was 4.1 ± 2.3, 6.7% developed CIN and mean eGFR decline was 4.2 ± 3.1 mL/min/1.73 m². Higher awareness scores were significantly associated with lower CIN incidence (4.1% vs. 9.3%, p = 0.02) and independently predicted reduced CIN risk after adjustment for baseline eGFR and contrast volume (OR 0.48, p = 0.03). Thus, we show that patient awareness may represent an actionable dimension of renal-risk mitigation and support integration of structured education into contrast-consent pathways.
Keywords
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), nephrotoxicity
Citation
Sampathkumar et al. Bioinformation 22(4): 1934-1938 (2026)
Edited by
A Prashanth
ISSN
0973-2063
Publisher
License
This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
