Title

Micro-CT evaluation of internal adaptation in composite restorations using incremental and sonic activated techniques

Authors

Parthivi Singh^1,*, Vartul Dwivedi1, Siddhi Yadav², Keerti Mishra³, Manika Gautam⁴ & Tanushri Pandey²

Affiliation

¹Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Peoples Pental Academy, Peoples University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India; ²Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, People's College of Dental sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India; ³Department of Conservative dentistry and Endodontics, District Hospital, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India; ⁴Department of Conservative dentistry and Endodontics, District Hospital, Sehore, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Parthivi Singh - E-mail: piyu3090@gmail.com

Vartul Dwivedi - E-mail: doctorvartul@gmail.com

Siddhi Yadav - E-mail: siddhiyadav072@gmail.com

Keerti Mishra - E-mail: keertidoctor94@gmail.com

Manika Gautam - E-mail: manikagautam10@gmail.com

Tanushri Pandey - E-mail: tanushreepandey444@gmai.com

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received April 1, 2026; Revised April 30, 2026; Accepted April 30, 2026, Published April 30, 2026

Abstract

Internal adaptation of composite restorations remains a challenge, particularly in posterior cavities, as voids and gaps can compromise clinical longevity. Therefore, it is of interest to compare the internal adaptation of composite restorations placed using conventional incremental, oblique incremental and sonic-activated bulk-fill techniques using high-resolution micro-computed tomography. Sixty standardized Class II cavities were restored (n=20 per group) and evaluated for internal gap volume, void volume and total defect percentage. The sonic-activated bulk-fill technique demonstrated significantly lower internal gap and void volumes compared to both incremental techniques (p<0.001). Sonic-activation provides superior internal adaptation, suggesting improved clinical performance over conventional layering methods.

Keywords

Micro-CT, internal adaptation, composite restoration, sonic-activation, incremental technique, internal voids

Citation

Singh et al. Bioinformation 22(4): 2539-2545 (2026)

Edited by

Hiroj Bagde

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.