Title

Post-operative pain in molar teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis using cryotreated neem extract and cryotreated 2.5% sodium hypochlorite: A randomised double-blinded clinical trial

Authors

Ruchi Vashisht^1,*, Umesh Kumar¹, Ashish Kumar Kakkar², Om Parkash Katare³, Umesh Kumar Patil⁴ & Prabhleen Kaur Brar¹

Affiliation

¹Department of Conservative & Endodontics, Oral Health Science Centre, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India; ²Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India; ³Department of University Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Punjab University, Chandigarh, India; ⁴Department of Pharmaceutical Science, DR. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Ruchi Vashisht - E-mail: vashisht.ruchi@pgimer.edu.in, Phone: +91 9779703932
Umesh Kumar - E-mail: kumar.umesh@pgimer.edu.in; Phone: +91 9779703932
Ashish Kumar Kakkar - E-mail: kakkar.ashish@pgimer.edu.in; Phone: +91 9779703932
Om Parkash Katare - E-mail: drkatare@yahoo.com; Phone: +91 9868051003
Umesh Kumar Patil - E-mail: umeshpatil29@gmail.com; Phone: +91 9425172165
Prabhleen Kaur Brar - E-mail: brar.pk@pgimer.edu.in; Phone: +91 9878030178

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received April 1, 2026; Revised April 30, 2026; Accepted April 30, 2026, Published April 30, 2026

Abstract

Post-operative pain following root canal treatment remains a significant clinical concern. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the effect of cryotherapy using sodium hypochlorite and neem extract on post-endodontic pain in 108 patients with symptomatic apical periodontitis undergoing single-visit treatment. Participants were divided into four groups: room temperature sodium hypochlorite, cryotreated sodium hypochlorite, room temperature neem extract and cryotreated neem extract and pain were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale at 24 hours, 48 hours and 7 days. Cryotreated irrigants showed significantly lower pain scores at 24 and 48 hours compared to room temperature groups and neem extract demonstrated comparable efficacy to cryotreated sodium hypochlorite. Thus, the potential of cryotreated neem extract is shown as a biocompatible alternative irrigant for effective post-operative pain reduction.

Keywords

Cryotherapy; neem extract; sodium hypochlorite; post-operative pain; root canal irrigation; randomised clinical trial

Citation

Vashisht et al. Bioinformation 22(4): 2701-2705 (2026)

Edited by

Rashmi Laddha

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.