Title

Cytomorphological spectrum of thyroid lesions using the Bethesda system: A retrospective study

Authors

Akanksha Awasthi, Shruti Semwal & Sakshi Chaurasia*

Affiliation

Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Satna, Madhya Pradesh, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Akanksha Awasthi - E-mail: awasthi.akanksha.94.aa@gmail.com

Shruti Semwal - E-mail: shrutisemwal29@gmail.com

Sakshi Chaurasia - E-mail: sakshi.mbbs@yahoo.in

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received June 1, 2026; Revised June 30, 2026; Accepted June 30, 2026, Published June 30, 2026

Abstract

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a reliable, minimally invasive technique for evaluating thyroid lesions and the Bethesda System standardizes cytological reporting and clinical decision-making. This retrospective study analyzed 105 patients with palpable thyroid swellings over 1.5 years, classifying lesions according to the Bethesda System (Categories I–VI). The majority of patients were females (86%) with peak incidence in the 31–40 years age group. Most cases were benign (Category II), accounting for 88.5%, while 11.5% were categorized as follicular neoplasm or suspicious for malignancy, indicating higher malignancy risk. Thus, data shows the effectiveness of FNAC combined with the Bethesda system in ensuring accurate diagnosis, risk stratification and appropriate management of thyroid lesions.

Keywords

Thyroid lesions, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), Bethesda system, cytomorphology, thyroid nodules

Citation

Awasthi et al. Bioinformation 22(6): 3453-3456 (2026)

Edited by

Ruby Singh

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.