Title

Diagnostic efficacy of pulse oximetry versus Ankle-Brachial index for peripheral vascular disease in type 2 diabetes

Authors

Mohammad Kamran Iqbal^1,*, Jayballabh Kumar¹, Ritu Adhana¹ & Vinod Kumar Singh²

Affiliation

¹Department of Physiology Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India; ²Department of General Medicine Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College and Research Center, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Mohammad Kamran Iqbal - E-mail: mohammadkamraniqbal.pg23@tmu.ac.in

Jayballabh Kumar - E- mail: drjayballabh.medical@tmu.ac.in

Ritu Adhana - E-mail: drritu.medical@tmu.ac.in

Vinod Kumar Singh - E-mail: drvinod.medical@tmu.ac.in

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received June 1, 2026; Revised June 30, 2026; Accepted June 30, 2026, Published June 30, 2026

Abstract

The Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) is a debilitating macrovascular complication associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) with significant mortality. This remains undiagnosed in the asymptomatic cases due to diabetic neuropathy. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the pulse oximetry against the gold-standard Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI). Data shows a high prevalence of PVD with ABI, whereas the pulse oximetry validated moderate sensitivity but low specificity, limiting its utility as a standalone diagnostic tool. While ABI remains the superior standard for definitive diagnosis, pulse oximetry offers a viable, cost-effective preliminary screening option for high-risk populations in resource-constrained healthcare centers.

Keywords

Peripheral vascular disease (PVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), ankle-brachial index (ABI), pulse oximetry, diagnostic accuracy 

Citation

Iqbal et al. Bioinformation 22(6): 3496-3500 (2026)

Edited by

P Kangueane

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.