Title
Association between serum vitamin D and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors
Kiran Dange1,*, Nivas Aboobaker Kunju2, Shubham Saxena3, Sangeeta Gupta4, Parth Jani5, Manju Lata6, Ria Singh Rawat7, Pierina Inés Cantos Márquez8 & Paul Alejandro Aguirre Cifuentes9
Affiliation
1Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy, B. J. Government Medical College and Sassoon General Hospital, Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, Pune, India; 2Department of Family Medicine, Prime Healthcare Group, Dubai, UAE; 3Department of Community Medicine, Govt. Bundelkhand medical College Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India; 4Department of Physiology, AIIMS Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India; 5Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College, Bhavnagar, India; 6Department of Zoology, M.S.J. College, Bharatpur, Rajasthan, India; 7Department of Emergency Medicine, BGS Global Institute of Medical Sciences, Karnataka, India; 8Department of Medicine, University of Guayaquil, Quito, Ecuador; 9Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of the Andes, Quito, Ecuador; *Corresponding author
Kiran Dange - E-mail: kirandange@hotmail.com
Nivas Aboobaker Kunju - E-mail: nivas.kunju@yahoo.com
Shubham Saxena - E-mail: drshubhamsaxena@gmail.com
Sangeeta Gupta - E-mail: drsangeeta77.65@rediffmail.com
Parth Jani - E-mail: parthjani13@gmail.com
Manju Lata - E-mail: dhanju5@yahoo.com
Ria Singh Rawat - E-mail: riasinghrawat18@gmail.com
Pierina Inés Cantos Márquez - E-mail: pierina094@gmail.com
Paul Alejandro Aguirre Cifuentes - E-mail: paul18aguirre90@gmail.com
Article Type
Research Article
Date
Received July 1, 2026; Revised July 31, 2026; Accepted July 31, 2026, Published July 31, 2026
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is an increasingly recognized yet poorly addressed metabolic risk factor that may aggravate insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), thereby worsening glycemic control and long-term outcomes. Therefore, it is of interest to examine the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and markers of insulin resistance including the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose and HbA1c in 120 patients with confirmed T2DM. Serum vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients with higher HOMA-IR values, with a strong inverse correlation observed between serum vitamin D and HOMA-IR (r = −0.72, p<0.001). The prevalence of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR >2.5) was 92.9% in severely deficient patients compared to 20.0% in those with sufficient vitamin D levels. Thus, data shows the clinical importance of routine vitamin D assessment in T2DM patients as a potentially modifiable target to reduce insulin resistance and improve glycemic outcomes.
Keywords
Serum vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), insulin resistance, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), glycemic control
Citation
Dange et al. Bioinformation 22(7): 3825-3829 (2026)
Edited by
Ruby Singh
ISSN
0973-2063
Publisher
License
This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
