Title

Comparative evaluation of endocrown fracture resistance - An in vitro study

Authors

Ankit Nagpal*, Gaurav Agrawal, Tushar Tanwani, Kartik Gowardhan, Shreya Makkasare & Shubham Adhikari

Affiliation

Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India; *Corresponding author

Email

Ankit Nagpal - E-mail:  nagpalankit234@gmail.com; Phone: +916262753012

Gaurav Agrawal - E-mail: gaurav_dentist@yahoo.com; Phone: +91 73540 46205

Tushar Tanwani - E-mail: tushar_tanwani@yahoo.co.in; Phone: +91 99813 5002

Kartik Gowardhan - E-mail: kartikygowardhan@gmail.com; Phone: +91 7587391429

Shreya Makkasare - E-mail:  shreyamakkasare04@gmail.com; Phone: +917066221335

Shubham Adhikari - E-mail: sadhikari8013@gmail.com; Phone: +919340900148

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received July 1, 2026; Revised July 31, 2026; Accepted July 31, 2026, Published July 31, 2026

Abstract

Fracture of endodontically treated premolars remains a major restorative challenge, necessitating durable endocrown restorations.
Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the fracture resistance and failure modes of lithium disilicate and CAD/CAM zirconia endocrowns with and without a ferrule. Thirty-two endodontically treated maxillary first premolars were allocated to four groups, restored using a standardized digital workflow and loaded to failure in a universal testing machine. Lithium disilicate with ferrule showed the highest fracture resistance (1343.50 ± 189.47 N), whereas zirconia without ferrule showed the lowest (654.60 ± 85.01 N), with significant intergroup differences (p = 0.001). Thus, data shows the ferrule preparation significantly improved fracture resistance and lithium disilicate endocrowns showed superior biomechanical performance compared with CAD/CAM zirconia.

Keywords

Endocrown; lithium disilicate; zirconia; ferrule; fracture resistance; failure mode; premolar; computer-aided design /computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM)

Citation

Nagpal et al. Bioinformation 22(7): 4023-4027 (2026)

Edited by

Hiroj Bagde  

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.