Title

Effect of silane application on bond strength between ceramic crowns and implant abutments: An in vitro study

Authors

Deepti Sangamesh Fulari¹, Neelanjali Matapathi², Sukhjit Kaur³, Gaurav Chandra⁴, Karthikeyan Vasudevan⁵,* & Pooja Arora⁶

Affiliation

^1Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Dental College & Hospital, Sangli, Maharashtra, India; ²Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Sri Siddhartha Dental College, Sri Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumkur, Karnataka, India; ³Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Punjab Government Dental College and Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab, India; ⁴Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Chandra Dental College and Hospital, Safedabad, Barabanki, India; ⁵Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge , SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, India; ⁶Department of Prosthodontics, Taif University, Saudi Arabia; *Corresponding author

Email

Deepti Sangamesh Fulari - E-mail: deepti.tambake@gmail.com

Neelanjali Matapathi - E-mail: neelanjalimatapathi24@gmail.com

Sukhjit Kaur - E-mail: dr.sukhjeetkaur@gmail.com

Gaurav Chandra - E-mail: grv.chandra@gmail.com

Karthikeyan Vasudevan - E-mail: drkarthikvasudev@gmail.com

Pooja Arora - E-mail: drpoojaprosthodontist@gmail.com

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received July 1, 2026; Revised July 31, 2026; Accepted July 31, 2026, Published July 31, 2026

Abstract

Debonding at the crown–cement–abutment interface remains a major clinical complication in implant-supported lithium disilicate restorations, affecting the long-term success of prosthetic treatment. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the effect of different silane application protocols on the tensile bond strength of 96 implant abutment–crown assemblies allocated to four groups: control, ceramic-side silane, abutment-side silane after tribochemical silica coating and combined ceramic- plus abutment-side silane. The combined silane group demonstrated the highest tensile bond strength (34.8 ± 4.9 MPa) and the lowest reduction in bond strength, significantly outperforming the other groups (p<0.001), while also exhibiting a greater proportion of mixed failures. Data show that simultaneous silanization of etched lithium disilicate and a tribochemically silica-coated titanium abutment creates a stronger and more durable adhesive interface. Thus, combined silane treatment may effectively reduce the risk of debonding and improve the longevity of implant-supported ceramic restorations.

Keywords

Silane coupling agent, ceramic crown, implant abutment, resin cement, bond strength, titanium abutment, lithium disilicate

Citation

Fulari et al. Bioinformation 22(7): 4147-4152 (2026)

Edited by

Hiroj Bagde

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.