Title
Integrating imaging and cytology: Correlation of TIRADS scores with the Bethesda classifications in thyroid nodules
Authors
Vedula Bharadwaj1*, E. Nag Divya2, T. Shirin Kamal1, G. Raja Pramila1, B.K. Durga Prasad3 & R.V. Manasa4
Affiliation
1Department of Pathology, GITAM institute of medical sciences & research, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India; 2Department of Radiodiagnosis, GITAM institute of medical sciences & research, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India; 3Department of Radiodiagnosis, NRI institute of medical sciences, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India; 4Department of Community Medicine, GITAM institute of medical sciences & research, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India; *Corresponding author
Vedula Bharadwaj - E-mail: bvedula@gitam.edu
E. Nag Divya - E-mail: nerramel@gitam.edu
T. Shirin Kamal - E-mail: sthallur2@gitam.edu
G. Raja Pramila - E-mail: hod_pathology@gitam.edu
B.K. Durga Prasad - E-mail: bkdveena@gmail.com
R.V. Manasa - E-mail: manasa2statistician@gmail.com
Article Type
Research Article
Date
Received July 1, 2026; Revised July 31, 2026; Accepted July 31, 2026, Published July 31, 2026
Abstract
Thyroid nodules are common and require accurate imaging and cytological assessment for malignancy risk stratification. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the correlation between ACR TIRADS and TBSRTC in 136 thyroid nodules, with histopathological correlation in 47 cases. TIRADS and TBSRTC showed 87.5% concordance (κ=0.554), with biopsy agreement of 85.1% and 95.7%, respectively. TIRADS showed higher sensitivity (87.5%) and NPV (97.1%), whereas TBSRTC showed higher specificity (100%), accuracy (95.7%) and AUC (0.875). Thus, data shows that complementary use of TIRADS and TBSRTC may improve diagnostic precision by combining the imaging-based risk assessment with cytological confirmation.
Keywords
Bethesda system, diagnostic accuracy, fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), histopathology, malignancy risk stratification, thyroid cancer, thyroid nodule, the Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology (TIRADS), American College of Radiology (ACR)
Citation
Bharadwaj et al. Bioinformation 22(7): 4487-4492 (2026)
Edited by
P Kangueane
ISSN
0973-2063
Publisher
License
This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
