Title

Klebsiella pneumoniae with its weaponry of virulence determinants - A comprehensive review

Authors

Jennifer Princy Robert¹, Jaideep Mahendra^2,* & Suresh Arumugam³

Affiliation

¹Department of Microbiology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College & Hospital, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education & Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; ²Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College & Hospital, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education & Research, Tamil Nadu, India; ³Department of Research, Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Medical College Hospital & Research Institute (MMCHRI), Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education & Research (Deemed to be University) Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India; *Corresponding Author

Email

Jennifer Princy Robert - E-mail: jennifer.micro@madch.edu.in; Phone: +91 8610701177

Jaideep Mahendra - E-mail: drjaideep.perio@madch.edu.in; Phone: +91 9444963973

Suresh Arumugam - E-mail: kpm_suresh@yahoo.com; Phone: +91 9894207006

Article Type

Review

Date

Received July 1, 2026; Revised July 31, 2026; Accepted July 31, 2026, Published July 31, 2026

Abstract

Multidrug-resistance (MDR) and Hypervirulent klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) has created a global menace among clinicians as the former leads to therapeutic failure and the later invasive virulent variant causes community acquired infections. The pathogenic rivalry of Klebsiella pneumoniae is attributed to a diverse repertoire of virulence factors which facilitates adhesion, colonization, immune evasion, iron acquisition and biofilm formation. Understanding the pathogenic interplay and molecular basis of these virulence determinants is necessary for developing novel therapeutic interventions and for upgrading infection control measures. Hence, the significant virulence factors of Klebsiella pneumoniae and their role in bacterial pathogenicity. Thus, it sheds light on specific genes coding for virulence with a special mention about the prevalence of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKp) and its diagnostic determinants.

Keywords

Multidrug resistance (MDR), global menace, virulence determinants, therapeutic strategies, infection control, hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKp)

Citation

Robert et al. Bioinformation 22(7): 4505-4511 (2026)

Edited by

P Kangueane

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.