Title
Evaluation of clinicoetiological profile for seizures among children under 5 years in India
Authors
Pramila Adhikari* & Preeti Malpani
Affiliation
Department of Pediatrics, MGM Medical College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India; *Corresponding author
Pramila Adhikari - E-mail: pramila_ramawat@rediffmail.com;
Phone: +91 7509599608
Preeti Malpani - E-mail: preetimalpani25@gmail.com; Phone: +91
7509599608
Article Type
Research Article
Date
Received August 1, 2026; Revised August 31, 2026; Accepted August 31, 2026, Published August 31, 2026
Abstract
Seizures are a common pediatric neurological emergency, particularly in children younger than 5 years, yet their etiological and clinical patterns remain insufficiently characterized in resource-limited settings. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate the medical records of 191 children aged 1 month–5 years hospitalized with seizures during 2023, assessing demographic characteristics, seizure semiology, etiologies and clinical outcomes. Most children (68.06%) were aged 1–5 years and generalized tonic-clonic seizures (73.29%) were predominant, followed by focal seizures (11.51%) and generalized tonic seizures (10.99%). Febrile seizures (29.8%) were the leading etiology, followed by first unprovoked seizures (25.6%), metabolic derangements (11.5%), central nervous system infections (9.9%) and sequelae of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (6.3%). Thus, data shows the clinical and etiological spectrum of pediatric seizures emphasizing systematic evaluation for early identification of treatable causes.
Keywords
Seizures, children, febrile seizures, etiology, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, pediatric neurology
Citation
Adhikari & Malpani, Bioinformation 22(8): 5012-5017 (2026)
Edited by
Vini Mehta
ISSN
0973-2063
Publisher
License
This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
