Title

Prevalence of left ventricular dysfunction in stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease among South Indian patients at a secondary health care center

Authors

M. Dhanuthra¹, Numan A. Mandaty^2,* & Surumi Azees²

Affiliation

¹Department of General Medicine, KIMS Avitis Hospital, Nenmara, Palakkad, Kerala, India; ²Department of General Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetha, Kochi, Kerala, India; *Corresponding author

Email

M. Dhanuthra - E-mail: dhanuthra@gmail.com
Numan A. Mandaty - E-mail: numanam24@gmail.com
Surumi Azees - E-mail: 1991surumiazees@gmail.com

Article Type

Research Article

Date

Received September 1, 2026; Revised September 30, 2026; Accepted September 30, 2026, Published September 30, 2026

Abstract

Left ventricular (LV) dysfunction is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, it is of interest to determine the prevalence of LV Dysfunction among 195 patients with Stage 3A–5 CKD attending a secondary healthcare centre in South India using clinical evaluation and 2D echocardiography. The majority of patients were in CKD stages 4 and 5 and worsening renal function was significantly correlated with a decline in left ventricular ejection fraction, grades of diastolic dysfunction, E/A and E/e′ ratios, deceleration time, haemoglobin levels and serum creatinine levels (p<0.05). Serum sodium and hypertension were not significantly different across stages, whereas diabetes mellitus, oliguria and worsening NYHA functional class were significantly associated with advanced CKD. Thus, data shows the progressive relationship between renal dysfunction and cardiac impairment and underscore the importance of routine echocardiographic screening for early diagnosis and management of LV dysfunction in subjects with CKD.

Keywords

Chronic kidney disease (CKD), diastolic dysfunction, echocardiography, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), left ventricular dysfunction

Citation

Dhanuthra et al. Bioinformation 22(9): 5902-5907 (2026)

Edited by

Vini Mehta

ISSN

0973-2063

Publisher

Biomedical Informatics

License

This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.