Title
Comparative analysis of fluoride release from type II GIC, ketac molar and ketac universal: An in vitro study
Authors
Sushmita Shivanna, H. Prakash*, M. Juan, Murali Sivakumar & Megavarnan Ravi
Affiliation
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sathyabama Dental College & Hospital, Tamil Nadu, India; *Corresponding author
Sushmita Shivanna - E-mail: drsushmita.dental@sathyabama.ac.in
H. Prakash - E-mail: kashhp4@gmail.com
M. Juan - E-mail: juanmoses2k16@gmail.com
Murali Sivakumar - E-mail: drmsk.dental@sathyabama.ac.in
Megavarnan Ravi - E-mail: megavarnan.dental@sathyabama.ac.in
Article Type
Research Article
Date
Received June 1, 2026; Revised June 30, 2026; Accepted June 30, 2026, Published June 30, 2026
Abstract
Limited evidence exists regarding the comparative fluoride release of different glass ionomer restorative materials used in clinical dentistry. Therefore, it is of interest to evaluate and compare the fluoride release of Type II GIC, Ketac Molar, and Ketac Universal at different time intervals. Fluoride ion release from these materials was assessed over 1, 7, and 28 days using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Significant differences in fluoride release were observed among the materials (p < 0.001). Ketac Universal showed the highest fluoride release at all evaluated intervals. Fluoride release from Ketac Molar and Ketac Universal increased over time, whereas Type II GIC remained relatively unchanged. The superior fluoride release of Ketac Universal suggests its potential clinical advantage for long-term caries prevention in patients at high risk of dental caries.
Keywords
Fluoride release, GIC cements, caries prevention, high-viscosity GIC, ketac molar, ketac universal, Type II GIC, UV spectrophotometer.
Citation
Shivanna et al. Bioinformation 22(6): 3390-3394 (2026)
Edited by
Rashmi Laddha
ISSN
0973-2063
Publisher
License
This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. This is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.
